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1 μάθημα
A that which is learnt, lesson,τὰ παθήματα μαθήματα Hdt.1.207
;μ. μαθεῖν S.Ph. 918
; μ. τινός or περί τι, Pl.Smp. 211 c, R. 525d;προσπορεύεται πρὸς τὰ λοιπὰ μ. PCair.Zen.60.7
(iii B. C.);ἀφεῖσθαι τοὺς παῖδας ἀπὸ τῶν μ. SIG577.77
(Milet., iii/ii B. C.), cf. 578.28 (Teos, ii B. C.), al.2 learning, knowledge, Ar.Nu. 1231, Av. 380, Th.2.39, PSI1.94.9 (ii A. D.), etc.; οἱ καθιστάμενοι ἐπὶ τῶν μ. educational authorities, SIG578.66 (Teos, ii B. C.); τὸ μ. τὸ περὶ τὰς τάξεις the science of tactics, Pl.La. 182b: freq. in pl., Isoc.12.27, etc.;μαθημάτων φρόντιζε μᾶλλον χρημάτων· τὰ γὰρ μαθήματ' εὐπορεῖ τὰ χρήματα Philem. 232
.3 esp. the mathematical sciences, Archyt.1,3 tit.; τρία μ., i. e. arithmetic, geometry, and astronomy, acc. to Pl.Lg. 817e, cf. Phld. Ind.Sto.66; later τὰ τέσσαρα μ. ( ἁρμονική being added) Theol.Ar.17; Arist. distd. pure from mixedμ., τὰ φυσικώτερα τῶν μ., οἷον ὀπτικὴ καὶ ἁρμονικὴ καὶ ἀστρονομία Ph. 194a8
;ἡ ἐν τοῖς μ. ἁρμονική Metaph. 997b21
;τὰ μ. περὶ τὰ εἴδη ἐστίν APo. 79a7
; οἱ ἀπὸ τῶν μ. mathematicians, Cleom.1.8.4 astrology, AP7.687 (Pall.).5 creed, Cod.Just.1.1.7.11, al. -
2 μανθάνω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `learn to know, experience' (Pi.).Other forms: aor. μαθεῖν (Il.), fut. μαθήσομαι (Thgn., Parm.), perf. μεμάθηκα (Anacr., Xenoph., Emp.).Derivatives: Nom. actionis: 1. μάθη f. `learning, insight' (Emp., H.). 2. μάθος n. `what is learnt, custom' (Alc., Hp., A.). 3. μάθησις = μάθη (Alcm., IA.; Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 99 w. n. 1). 4. μάθημα `what was learnt, knowledge', pl. `(mathematical) sciences' (IA., hell.) with μαθη-ματ-ικός `fond of learning, scientific, mathematic' (Pl., Arist.; Chantraine Études 131 f.), - ικεύομαι `argue mathematically' (Dam.). 5. μαθημοσύνη `learning' (Phryg., Empire; Wyss - συνη 64). Nom. agentis: μαθη-τής `disciple' (IA.), with - τικός `like a disciple' (Pl., Arist.) and - τικεύομαι (Dem.), - τεύω `be a disciple, make a d.' (NT, Plu.) with - τεία `education' (Timo, D. Chr.), - τιάω `want to be a disciple' (Ar.); f. - τρίς (Ph.), - τρια (D.S., Act.Ap. u.a.); μαθετής `id.' (Knossos IIa; after εὑρετής? Fraenkel Nom. ag. 1, 186).Etymology: On the meaning s. B. Snell Ausdrücke 74f., H. Dörrie, Leid und Erfahrung. Die Wort- und Sinnverbindung παθεῖν -- μαθεῖν im griech. Denken. Mainz 1956. The Greek forms all go back on the zero grade aorist μαθεῖν; full grades could have either μενθ-ήρη ' φροντίς, μέριμνα' (H., EM) or προ-μηθ-ής `design, careful'. The last is isolated (cf. s. v.); with μενθ- agrees OHG mendī `gladness' with menden `rejoice', beside zero grade e.g. in Goth. mundon sis `look at one, σκοπεῖν', OWNo. munda `aim (with a weapon), have a goal'. The root has more or less probable representatives in other languages: Alb. mund `can, overcome' (IE *mn̥dh-); Celt., e.g. Welsh mynnu `want', Lith. mañdras `lively, cheerful', OCS mǫdrъ ' φρόνιμος, σοφός', all with full grade (* mendh- or * mondh-). On Skt. medhā́ `wisdom, insight', Av. mazdā `rememberance' s. Mayrhofer Bibliotheca Orientalis (Leiden) 13 (1956), 112 Sp. 2, where with Duchesne-Guillemin a basis *mn̥sdhā (to mánas = μένος) is assumed. - Further forms in WP. 2, 270 f. (* mendh- `direct one's mind on'), Pok. 730, Fraenkel Wb. s. mañdras, Vasmer Wb. s. múdryj; there also on the further analysis in men-dh- (to μένος).Page in Frisk: 2,170-171Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μανθάνω
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